Microbial Genetics – Genetic recombination in viruses – lysogenic and lytic cycles in bacteriophages. Retro viruses, reverse transcriptase, onco viruses, and oncogenes. Bacterial recombination - transformation experiment of Griffith, Avery et al. Conjugation – F+, F- and Hfr F- conjugations. Conjugation mapping – F – duction (sexduction).Transduction-generalized and specialized. Recombination in fungi (tetrad analysis in Neurospora), Complementation tests. (4 hrs)